Spinning frame



Oct. 3, 1933. 1 w. M. SPRING 1,928,679

SPINNING FRAME Filed July 6, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I I Fig.3.

\nven'for.

WalTer I LSpring byWkM ATTys.

Patented Oct. 3, 1933 gazette of Maine srnmme FEW Walter M. Spring, Springvale, Maine, assignor to Sanford Mills, Sanford, Maine, a corporation Application July 6, 1931. Serial No. 548,939

3 Claims.

This invention relates to spinning machines and particularly to an auxiliary device which functions to process the yarn after it has passed between the drawing rolls and during its passage to the twisting means.

In order to produce a high quality yarn it is most important to reduce the percentage of loose fibre ends which project laterally from the body of the yarn. The natural kinks and curl in the yarn fibres cause much trouble in producing a After the preparatory steps in the production .of the yarn have been completed, and the yarn has passed through the drawing rolls of the spinning machine, there are many fibre ends projecting outward from the body of the yarn. This condition invariably prevails even though the preparatory processes have been carried out with a maximum of efficiency and accuracy. If no means are provided to force these loose fibres into the body portion of the yarn at this point; they will remain projecting smooth uniform yarn.

from the finished yarn.

in which the twisting takes place.

A further object of the invention is to provide a combination yarn guide and condensing means through which the yarn passes as it leaves the drawing rolls and before it reaches the twisting means.

A further object of the invention is to provide a tubular yarn condensing means which encloses the yarn throughout a portion of the zone in which it is twisted and causes it to follow an abnormal path.

The principles of the invention may be applied Aneffective method is presented herein in which a tube is mounted upon the thread board of a spinning frame in position to receive the yarn as it passes from the drawing rolls and before it reaches the twisting means. The bore in the tube through which theyarn is threaded is proportioned suitably to produce the desired condensing efiect upon the yarn and desirably is slightly larger than the diameter of the yarn to prevent undue friction thereon in a great many ways.

during its passage therethrough.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a portion of a spinning frame embodying the invention.

Fig. 2 is av similar view showing one of the yarn condensing tubes inposition to permit dofilng of the bobbin.

Fig. 3 is a cross section on line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through a condensing tube.

Fig. 5 is a detail view showing the method of supporting the condensing tube.

As will be apparent readily from the following description the structure of the invention is of such a character that it may be applied to all types of spinning or twisting machinery. In order to present clearly the principles of the invention a specific application is illustrated herein. As illustrated in the drawings the invention is applied to the well-known cap spinning frame having feed rolls 1, 2 and 3 serving to feed the yarn 4 from a suitable source which is not shown. After passing between the feed rolls, the yarn passes between a pair of drawing rolls 5 and 6 which are driven at the proper speed with relation to the feed rolls to produce the desired draft in the yarn. Suitable intermediate rolls 7 may be provided also which serve as additional guiding and supporting means for the yarn during the drawing process. From the drawing rolls the yarn passes to the twisting means which may be of any desired construction. As heretofore indicated the twisting means herein shown is the well-known cap spinning mechanism comprising the usual stationary cap 8 superposed upon the bobbin 9 which is driven by a spindle 10 which functions in conjunction with the cap 8 in the well-known manner to produce the desired twist in the yarn.

In all forms of spinning or twisting machines suitable means must be provided to advance the yarn as it is twisted. In the usual types of spinning frames the twisting and advancing of the yarn is effected by the winding of the yarn upon the bobbins in conjunction with the action of cap or other element having a similar function.

Situated between the drawing rolls and the spindle 10 is a specially constructed thread board 11 upon which the yarn condensing tubes 12 are mounted in such position that their upp r ends 13 are adjacent the bite of the drawing rolls 5 and 6, while the lower ends 14 thereof are situated substantially in axial alignment with the spindles 10. The tubes 12 not only serve to condense the yarn but also act as guide eyes therefor.

The tubes 12 may be secured to the thread board 11 in any desired manner. A convenient form of fastening device comprises a pair of spring clips 15 which are secured to the front edge of the thread board 11 by means of the screws 16. The inner ends of the clips 16 are bent outwardly and shaped to conform with the curvature of the tubes 12 in such a manner that they serve to hold the tubes in position by frictional engagement therewith.

If the tubes 12 become damaged or it becomes necessary to replace them for any reason they are removed readily from the clips 15 and another tube snapped into place. When it becomes necessary to dofi the bobbins each tube 12 is swung into a position approximately at right angles to its normal position, such position being shown in Fig. 2. The thread board 11 then may be raised to permit removal of the bobbins 9 from the spindles 10. When it is desired to resume the spinning operation, the tubes again are moved into their normal position as shown in Figs. 1 and 3.

While the exact shape and position of the tubes 12 is immaterial, it has been found that the condensing action thereof is more efiective if the tubes are situated or shaped to bend the yarn out of a direct path from the drawing rolls to the twisting means. Such action is still more effective if the tubes be bent into some form other than a smooth curve extending from the line of tangency at the bite of the drawing rolls 5 and 6 to the axis of the spindles. A desirable form of tube is shown herein which is bent into a curve which deviates from the smooth curve above referred to. The tubes are situated in such position that their entering end 13 is substantially upon the line of tangency at the bite of the drawing rolls. The bottom ends 14 of the tubes are situated substantially upon the axis of the spindles. As the yarn enters the upper end of the tube and follows the bore thereof, it is caused to travel in a direction at an angle to the line of tangency at the bite of the rolls, and is thus caused to engage the upper surface of the bore 17 of the tubes. Due to the slight tension existing in the yarn it will pass from its point of contact at the upper end of the tube into engagement with the opposite surface of the bore throughout the central portion of its length as shown at 18 in Fig. 4, and will emerge from the lower end 14 of the tube having a tendency continuously to move about the complete periphery of the bore due to the ballooning of the yarn caused by rotation of the spindles.

It has been found that the engagement of the yarn on one side as at the upper end 13 of the tube and again upon its other side as at 18 provides a very effective condensing action upon the loose fibre ends. Any suitable shape of condensing tube which wfll so act upon the yarn is contemplated by the present invention. The material out of which the tube is made is unimportant relatively. It is desirable, however, that the bore of the tube be smooth and that the edges of the ends of the bore be rounded sufliciently to prevent injury to the yarn as it passes through the tube. Glass or other vitreous material has been found to be a highly desirable material for the tubes. The rotation of the spindle 10 causes the yarnto become twisted not only throughout its free portion, but also throughout the portion within the tubes 12. While in some cases it is possible that the yarn will not become twisted throughout the total length of the bore in the tube, it will become twisted throughout the greater portion of the length thereof. However, in most cases, it will twist up to the bite of the drawing rolls. As the yarn passes through the tube the projecting loose fibre ends are forced into or along the surface of the body of the yarn as has been pointedout previously. At this time the yarn within the tube is being twisted also which causes the fibres which were projecting from the yarn before it entered the tube to become incorporated within the body of the yarn. As the yarn continues beyond the tube the fibres cannot project outwardly again thereafter, but are firmly twisted into the yarn.

The size of the bore of the tube is important. It has been determined that a satisfactory size is approximately two-tenths of a millimeter greater. than the diameter of the spun yarn. 0n

the other hand the bore must not be so small as to cause undue drag upon the yarn and it must be of a size to compress effectually the fibres into the body of the yarn.

There are many advantages resulting from the use of the present invention. By actual use of the device upon a standard form of spinning frame a yarn has been produced which is much firmer and much stronger than yarn produced on similar machines without the use of the tube. The decrease in breakages due to the high quality of yarn produced permits the reduction in the number of operators necessary to care for a given number of frames thereby lowering production costs. A further saving resulting from the invention is a material reduction in the soft waste or fiufi which accumulates about the spinning frames.

The invention is useful particularly in the spinning of mohair and similar fibres and enables a single yarn of high quality to be spun. Heretofore the springy and resilient character of such fibres has rendered it impossible to produce a satisfactory single yarn which is smooth and free from loose laterally-projecting fibres. For example, with the present invention a single number twelve yarn can be produced with a single spinning operation having the strength, smooth finish and quality of a two-ply yarn. To produce a two-ply yarn, however, of this size two separate number twenty-four yarns must be spun by the usual methods and then these two yarns must be twisted together to form the number twelve yarn.

Obviously, as in the case above pointed out a great economy is effected by the use of the present invention in the production of smooth high grade yarns of all types.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new, and desired to be secured by Letters Patent, is:

1. In a spinning frame, means for drawing the yarn including drawing rolls, means for twisting and advancing the yarn and a vitreous tubular yarn guide and condenser having an internal diameter slightly greater than the spun yarn and extending from a point adjacent the bite of the drawing rolls to a point substantially in axial alignment with the twisting means and through which the yarn passes acting to incorporate the laterally-projecting fibres into the body of the" yarn after the drawing operation and during the twisting and advancing operation.

2. In a spinning frame, rolls for drawing the yarn, means for twisting and advancing the yarn and a vitreous tubular yarn condenser between the drawing rolls and the twisting means having an internal diameter slightly greater than the diameter of the spun yarn through which the yarn passes acting to incorporate the laterallyproiecting yarn fibres into the body of the yarn during the twisting and advancing operation, said condenser extending from a point adjacent the bite of the drawing rolls to a point in substantial alignment with the twisting means and being disposed in position to guide the yarn out of a straight line from the drawing rolls to the twistmounted on said thread board having a bore slightiysreaterthanthediameteroftheyarn through whichthe yarn and having its upper end bent to present an angle with a tangential line from the Ioite of the drawing rolls acting to incorporate the laterally-projecting yarn fibres into the body of theyam during the t and advancing operation and means to permit said condenser to he moved into a position toner-Knit d w 

